(1) ①near作为介词，多用于具体场所。
- This bus stops near the Palace Museum.
这趟公交车在故宫博物院附近停。 - They live near us in our road; only several houses away.
他们住在我们街上离我们不远的地方，只隔了几幢房子。
②near to用于场所、时间时，侧重“向……接近”的意味。
- Your opinion is very near to my own; it's nearer (to) my own than any other.
你的观点和我的相近，它比起其他的来说和我的观点更接近一些。 - As we got near to Nanjing, it was beginning to rain.
当我们快到南京时，天开始下雨了。 - It is getting near to National Day.
国庆节快到了。 - Pick an apple from the nearest tree, the one nearest (to) the house.
从最近的苹果树上摘个苹果，就是那棵离房子最近的。 - Call me again nearer to the time of the train leaving.
离火车开车的时间更近时再叫我一次。
③near to 也可表示关系或程度上的“接近”。
- The renovation of the square is near to completion.
广场的修缮工作已接近完工。 - I hear you're near to the manager, so I'd like you to speak for me.
听说你与经理常接触，所以我想让你帮我说句好话。
(2) 有时由于习惯，有时为了调节句子的语调或音韵，用to或不用to。
- Columbus thought that the island was near to India, but in fact it was near the American continent.
哥伦布认为那个岛屿靠近印度，但实际上它离美洲大陆很近。
(3) next door to意为“与……隔壁”。
- They live next door to us.
他们住在我们隔壁。
(4) next to意为“紧挨着”，可引导短语作定语、表语、状语。
- The bike next to yours is mine.
紧挨着你自行车的那一辆是我的。 - Our office is right next to his.
我们的办公室紧挨着他的。
(5) near to, next door to, next to可以引申，意为“近乎，接近”，有时也用来修饰形容词，常接名词。
- On hearing that her son had been killed in the war, the Mexican woman was near to distracted.
一听说儿子在战争中牺牲了，这位墨西哥妇女几乎精神崩溃。 - He was near to tears.
他快要哭了。 - Cheating is an act next door to a crime.
欺骗是近乎犯罪的一种行为。 - She is ill, and she eats next to nothing.
她病了，几乎没吃任何东西。 - Next to his family, baseball was his greatest love.
除了家庭之外，他最钟爱的是棒球。 - It was next to unthinkable that the boy would do such a thing like that.
这男孩做出那样一件事来，这几乎是不可思议的。 - To complete such an arduous task within two weeks is next door to impossible.
两周内完成这样艰巨的任务几乎不可能。 - Your ideas are next door to madness.
你的主意近乎疯狂。
(6) not far from也表示“离……不远”。
- We live not far from the station.
我们住得距火车站不远。
(7) close on/upon意思是“近乎(有)是，约”。
- He is close on/upon 90.
他接近90岁。 - It was close on midnight when we arrived home.
我们到家时已接近午夜了。 - There are close on 50 boys in the team.
队里有大约50位男孩。
(8) close to/by意为“接近，将近，在……附近”。
- They have close to a thousand such reporters.
他们大约有1 000名这样的记者。
＊close to/by可代替near。
- He lives close to/by/near the church.
他住在教堂附近。
(9) near(to)与come, go连用，表示“接近，几乎”。
- She came very near to crying.
她几乎要哭了。 - My statement came near (to) convincing him.
我的话几乎说服了他。 - Let's go near (to) the front so that we can hear the speaker more clearly.
咱们再往前一点儿，以便能更清楚地听清说话者在说什么。 - This film goes near (to) the quality of good old films.
这部影片差不多跟那些经典的老电影一样好。 - I never seem to go near to winning any money on these bets.
赌了这么多次，我好像从来连赢的苗头都没有。
(10) close to也可与come连用，表示“接近，近乎”。
- Come close to each other so that I can get you all in the photograph.
大家靠拢些，好把你们都照上。 - Your suggestion comes close to what we were looking for.
你的建议几乎就是我们正在寻求的。 - The boy came close to perfection.
这男孩几乎是完美无瑕。
