(1) 连接词not only...but(also)的意思是“不但……而且……”,侧重于后者。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上随后边的主语。
- Not only the students but (also) their teachers go to the lab. (连接两个主语)
不但学生而且老师们都到实验室去。 - Not only he but also I am invited.
不但他,我也受到邀请。 - Lu Xun is famous not only in China but (also) in the world. (连接两个状语)
鲁迅不但在中国,而且在全世界都很著名。 - He is not only a diplomat but also a writer. (连接两个表语)
他不仅是外交家,也是一位作家。 - He speaks not only Chinese but also German. (连接两个宾语)
他不但说汉语,而且说德语。 - He not only said it but (also) did it. (连接两个谓语)
他不仅说了,而且也做了。 - Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more fluently. (连接两个句子)
他说得不但更正确了,而且更流利了。
(2) ①as well as意思是“也,又,和,还有……”,侧重点在前。连接两个主语时,谓语动词与前边的一个在人称和数上保持一致。
- Gorky is well known all over the world as well as in China. (连接两个状语)
高尔基在中国乃至全世界都是赫赫有名的。 - You as well as he are right. (连接两个主语)
你和他都是正确的。 - John can speak Chinese as well as French. (连接宾语)
约翰会说法语,也会说汉语。 - They traveled by night as well as by day. (连接状语)
他们日夜兼程。 - It is important for you as well as for me.
这对我和你都重要。 - The conflict spread everywhere, into villages, as well as into cities.
冲突扩展到各地,扩展到城市和农村。 - It is a political as well as economic question. (连接定语)
这是一个经济问题,也是一个政治问题。 - She is clever as well as beautiful. (连接表语)
她美丽,而且聪明。
②当as well as 与一个动词连用时,动词常用“-ing”形式。
- She sings as well as playing the piano.
她不仅弹琴,还唱歌。
但下例中因句子里有 expect to do, 后面则也要用动词不定式(省掉to)。
- You cannot expect her to do her homework as well as look after the children.
你不能指望她又要做作业又要照看孩子。
*注意下句中的 as well as 意思有所不同,意为“与……一样好”。
- She sings as well as she plays the piano (Her singing is as good as her playing the piano.
她歌唱得与钢琴弹得一样好。
(3) ①both...and意思是“两个都……”,前后并重。连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
- Both Li Ming and his brother have joined the army.
李明和弟弟两人都参了军。 - You've given both your uncle and myself a lot of trouble. (连接两个间接宾语)
你给你叔叔和我都添了很多麻烦。
②连接两个形容词,表示“既……又……”。
- We should be both politically conscious and professionally competent.(连接两个表语)
我们既要有政治觉悟,也要精通业务。
③连接两个动词,表示“既……又……”。
- In the program tonight, Mary will both sing and dance.
在今晚的节目中,玛丽将又唱又跳。
④连接两个介词短语,这时应重复介词。
- These will be suitable both for gifts and for souvenirs.
这些东西既适合作礼品,又适合作纪念品。
*但现在有些人已不大遵守这一规则。
- This was a wonderful Christmas both for business and (for) merrymaking.
这是一个对于商业和娱乐都极为有利的圣诞节。 - I decided to play safe both for my own sake and (for) the job's.
不仅为了我自己,也为了工作起见,我决定慎重行事。