(1) 这两个短语都表示“到……才……;不到……不……”。
- They did not return home till nearly midnight.
直到快午夜了,他们才回家。 - He had not, till then, thought seriously of going to London.
他直到那时候才认真地考虑去伦敦。 - I've no room vacant till next week.
我直到下周才有房间空出。
(2) 有时跟副词或介词短语;有时不用no, not,而用有否定意义的hardly ever等词。
- I shall not get back till late at night.
我到深夜才回来。 - I hardly ever go to bed till past twelve.
我几乎没有在12点之前上床睡过觉的。 - He made no reference to his illness till after the lesson.
直到课后,他才提到生病的事。
(3) ①有时可引出从句,这时till用作连词,常可与before换用。
- Don't promise Harry till/before we've had time to think about it.
在我们有时间考虑之前,不要答应哈里。 - He would not go home till/until he had made sure that everything was all right with the workshop.
直到确信车间没有什么问题,他才肯回家。 - I cannot go till/before he comes.
在他来之前,我不能走。
②但在下面句子中,只能用before。
- I had not been waiting very long before he came back.
我没等多久,他就回来了。
(4) 引出的从句中,有时有些成分可省掉。
- A friend is never known till (he is) needed.
不到需要时是不会了解朋友的。
(5) 如果句子较长,或为了强调,习惯上常把not until放在句首,这时要注意句子结构的倒装。
- Not until I have finished my task, shall I be able to go out to the movies.
直到完成任务,我才能出去看电影。 - Not until midnight did it stop raining.
直到半夜雨才停了。
(6) not until常用It is/was not until...that 的句型来加强。
- It was not until she came back from her trip to Europe that Mary could arrange for me to meet her elder sister.
直到玛丽从欧洲回来,才安排我与她姐姐见面。 - It wasn't until the accident was avoided that I knew he was of a calm temperament and never lost his head even in an emergency.
直到避免了这场事故之后,我才知道他的性格沉着冷静,即便在紧急情况下,也从不会失去理智。