(1) raise是普通用词,意思是“抬高,举起,升起,扬起”(另见“arise...”条目)。
- The stone is too heavy; I can't raise it.
这块石头太沉了,我举不动它。 - The price for sugar was raised to four and forty cents a kilogram.
食糖价格被提高到1千克4.40美元。 - The car raised a dust as it went by.
汽车过后扬起一片尘土。 - Raise your voice a little so that the whole class can hear you.
大声一点,让全班都能听到。 - Tom was raised/promoted to the rank of colonel.
汤姆被提升到上校军衔了。 - We must raise our experience to the level of theory so as to avoid empiricist errors.
我们必须把我们的经验上升到理论,从而避免犯经验主义错误。
(2) boost意为“使上升,提高,促进”。
- Boost me up a little and I can just reach the branch.
再向上托我一把,我就可以够着树枝了。 - The rocket boosted the satellite into space.
火箭把卫星推进太空。 - We must try every means to boost up production.
我们必须尽一切努力提高产量。
(3) elevate意思与raise相同,多用于书面和引喻场合。
- A special device elevated a small circular stage for the singer.
一个特别的装置为这位歌唱家把一个小圆形舞台升高了。 - He was elevated to president of the company/to a managerial position.
他被提升为公司经理。 - How can you elevate yourself above others?
你怎么能把自己凌驾于他人之上?
(4) enhance指“提高,增加某物的价值、吸引力、力量、价格等”。
- The moonlight enhanced the beauty of the scene.
月色增添了这景象的美。 - The growth of a city often enhances the value of the land close to it.
一个城市的发展往往使其附近的土地增值。
(5) heighten是“提高,加高,增强,加重,增加”,指在程度、速度、力量、强度等方面“提高,增加”;也可用于精神方面。
- In the race he heightened his speed in the last 20 meters and came out in the top three.
这次赛跑中,他在最后20米提高了速度,进了前三名。 - The development of the situation in the Gulf region heightened the anti-U.S. feeling in the country.
海湾地区局势的发展加剧了这个国家的反美情绪。
*其他搭配:to heighten one's anger/fears/admiration/vigilance/alertness等。
(6) ①lift指用人力或机械力把某物提到较高位置,意为“提高,举起,搬起”。
- He lifted the big rock with ease.
他轻而易举地搬起了这块大石头。 - Lift your foot please: you're standing on the hem of my dress.
请抬抬脚,你踩着我的裙边了。 - The crane lifted the pre-fabricated roof onto the building.
起重机把预制房顶吊上了这幢大楼。
②lift可以引申用于比喻或精神方面。
- His success lifted him in people's eyes.
他的成功提升了他在人们心中的地位。 - That has lifted a load from my mind.
这消除了我的心理负担。 - Her encouraging words lifted our spirits/hopes.
她鼓舞人心的话语振奋了我们的精神/鼓起了我们的希望。
(7) rise是不及物动词,意思是“升起,升高(the sun, the moon, star);提高(price, voice, river, etc.);(人从坐、跪等姿势)起身”等(另见“arise...”条目)。
- The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳从东方升起,西方落下。 - Fish rose to the surface, as if welcoming the visitors.
鱼儿浮上水面,仿佛是在欢迎游人。 - The blue smoke from our fire rose straight up in the still air.
我们所生的火冒出青烟,在无风的空中袅袅上升。 - He quickly rose to a position of importance/the rank of general.
他很快升到一个重要位置上/将军。 - Tea has risen (in price) by 5 pence to 40 pence a kilo.
茶叶(价格)每千克提高了5到40便士。 - New apartment buildings have risen in the river area.
新的公寓楼出现在河滨地带。
*rise也可用于希望、怒气(anger)、士气(morale)、精神(spirits)、义愤(indignation)等。