(1) ①reply是以话语或行动对一个问题、指控、争辩、问候做出“回答,答复”。虽在很多情况下可与answer换用,但与answer有一定区别。
reply为较正式的书面用词,作及物动词时,可接回答的内容;作不及物动词时,常与to连用,表示“对……答复(回答)”。
- She sighed, but didn't reply (to our question).
她叹了一口气,但(对我们的问题)没有回答。 - “He called at the office this morning,” replied Henry, “and beyond that I don't know him from Adam.”
“今天早晨他来过办公室,”亨利答道,“但是除此之外,我对他一无所知。” - I answered his letter by sending a New Year Card last week and have ever since been waiting for time to reply to it.
我上周发送了一张新年贺卡以回他的信,从那以来就等有时间再回复那封信了。 - Only one of my three letters has been replied to .(介词to不可省)
我的三封信中仅有一封有回音。
②可以引申表示“做出反应”。
- She replied only with a smile.
她仅一笑了之。 - The enemy didn't reply to our fire.
敌人对我方火力未做回应。
(2) ①respond多指以行动表示“回答,做出反应,响应”,用作不及物动词,多与介词to连用。
- When Jack insulted Tom, he responded with a kick.
当杰克羞辱汤姆时,汤姆以脚相踢做出回应。 - Why didn't you respond to my question?
你为什么不对我的问题做出回答? - The little baby responded to the sudden light by blinking her eyes.
这个小婴儿眨眨眼睛对这突然的亮光做出反应。
②respond还可表示“(对药物、治疗等)有反应、有效”。
- She/Her illness responded quickly to the treatment.
对她/她的病的治疗很快见效。 - The car responds well to the controls.
这辆汽车很好控制。
③用respond表示“回答”时也可引入回答的原话。
- “Aren't you sleepy?”
你难道不困吗? - “Not very. I had a nap after lunch”, responded Mary.
“不是太困,午饭后我小睡了一会儿”,玛丽回答道。
(3) answer是用口说、笔写或行动对问题、来信、呼叫做出“回答,答复,应答”。answer是普通用词,用作及物动词时,可直接接宾语,如:answer sb.'s letter, answer the teacher;也可接that从句或双宾语。
- He answered that he knew nothing about it.
他回答说他对此一无所知。 - Who can answer me this question?
谁能回答我这个问题?
*其他用法还有:
- answer the door/bell
(有人敲门或按门铃时)前去开门 - answer the telephone
接电话 answer sb. back
顶嘴,还嘴