(1) result from表示“由……引起、产生”,前面(主语)是结果,后面(from的宾语)是原因。result in的意思是“产生,导致”,前面(主语)是原因,后面(in的宾语)是结果。
- The traffic accident resulted from his fast driving.
这次交通事故是由于他开快车而造成的。 - His carelessness resulted in his failure in the examination.
他的粗心导致他未能考及格。
*关于result from, result in,另见“grow out of...”条目。
(2) arise from表示“发生,产生,起因于”。
- Development arises from the contradictions inside a thing.
发展是由于事物内部的矛盾引起的。 - The accident arose from the driver's carelessness.
这次事故起因于司机的大意。
(3) lead to意为“导致,引起”。
- Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
工作太多,休息太少,常常引起疾病。
(4) ①originate from/in sth., originate from/with sb.均表示“起源于;由……引起;发起”,侧重于强调来源、出处。
- All theories originate from/in practice and in turn serve practice.
所有理论源自实践,反过来又服务于实践。 - I believe the remark originated from what you said yesterday.
我认为这番评价是由昨天你讲的话引起的。 - With whom did the scheme originate?
这个计划是谁发起的? - Our friendship originated in a chance meeting.
我们的友谊开始于一次萍水相逢。 - The idea originates from/with the chairman.
这个想法是主席发起的。
②originate有时作及物动词,意为“创造,创始”。
- He is credited with originating a new printing process.
他被认为发明了一种新的印刷术。