(1) to and fro可以表示“从一地到另一地”，也可表示“来来回回地”，是书面语。

• He went busily to and fro , trying to sell his goods.
  他频繁地穿梭于各地兜售他的货品。
• The pendulum of the clock swung slowly to and fro .
  钟摆缓慢地来回摇摆着。

 (2) from place to place意为“从一地到另一地”。

• He goes from place to place , trying to sell his goods.
  他从一个地方走向另一地方，兜售他的货物。

 (3) backwards and forwards意思是“来来回回地”，在此意义上与to and fro相同。

• The dog kept running backwards and forwards trying to get out.
  这狗来来回回一直不停地跑动着，试图从里面出来。

 (4) back and forth等于backwards and forwards，用于书面语。

 (5) ①up and down是“在……内(或上)来回(运动)；上下(颠簸)”。

• He got up and paced up and down the room while he waited for the phone call.
  他站起来在屋里来回踱步，等着电话铃响起。
• I've been driving up and down the street for ten minutes looking for you.
  我在街上开着车来来回回找了你10分钟。
• The little raft went up and down on the rough sea.
  一只小小木筏在汹涌的海面上上下颠簸。

②up and down还表示“时好时坏的”。

• I've been rather up and down recently. I think I need a holiday.
  我最近感觉时好时坏。我想我需要休假。
• A: How are things at your firm?
  你们公司情况怎么样？
  B: Oh, up and down , you know.
  哦，时好时坏的，你知道。