区别辨析 What if...? What though...? Suppose (that)...? Supposing (that)...? 与 Assuming (that)...?

(1) What if...?和Suppose...?均可表示建议,意为“……如何,怎么样?”,从句中谓语动词可用现在时,也可用过去时(虚拟)。用过去时,则表示所建议之事不很确定或语气委婉。

  • A: I haven't got a tablecloth.
    我还没找到一块桌布。
    B: Suppose we use a sheet?
    我们用床单怎样?
  • What if we invite your mother next week?
    我们下周邀请你妈妈怎样?
  • A: Daddy, can I watch TV?
    爸爸,我能看电视吗?
    B: Suppose you did your homework first? (也可用What about you doing...first?)你先做作业好吗?
  • What if/Suppose I went instead of my brother?
    我替我哥哥去怎么样?

 (2) 除“What though...?”外,其余几个说法均可用来表示“担心或恐惧”,意思是“假定……怎么办?”

  • What if he finds out we've stolen his apples?
    如果他发现我们偷了他的苹果怎么办?
  • A: I'm going to climb up there.
    我打算爬上那儿去。
    B: No! What if you slipped?
    不行,你滑下来怎么办?
  • Assuming/Supposing (that) the plane is late?
    如果飞机晚点怎么办?
  • Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
    如果明天下雨,我们怎么办?

 (3) What if还可表示“如果……又有什么关系呢?”。

  • What if it is/be true?
    如果是真的,又有什么关系呢?

 (4) 如果句子是有关过去的情况,要用过去完成式(虚拟) 表示未发生的情况。

  • That was very clever, but what if you had slipped?
    那太聪明了,但要是你滑倒了呢?

 (5) What though...?表示“即使……那又怎么样呢?”,其后的从句通常用直陈语气,动词时态遵从让步状语从句。

  • What though he refuses to come?
    即使他拒绝前来那又怎么样呢?