有一读者问：有这样三个句子：
(1)Arriving at the station, he found his train gone.
(2)Having arrived at the station, he found his train gone.
(3)Arrived at the station, he found his train gone.
arriving, having arrived, arrived 在此有什么区别？
三者的意义基本相同，只有些细微的差别。 arriving 强调其所表示的动作与 found 没时隔，具有“一到（火车站）”的含义。 having arrived 强调它与 found 有时隔，具有“到了（火车站）以后”的含义。 arrived 在语法上叫“不及物过去分词”或“主动过去分词”，强调状态，是 being arrived 或 having been arrived 的省略，具有“已经到了（火车站）”的含义。
顺便提一下， arrived 亦可用作形容词（有的词典已明确标出），实例如 the newly arrived students （但不可说 the arrived students）。
最后，请注意上述例（1）、（2）、（3）中 arrived的用法都是书面语。口语多用从句，如 when he （had）arrived at the station。
