有一读者问: 请比较下列两句中的单数名词form与复数名词forms:
(1)While ants grow, they change their form three times.
(2)Ants change their forms three times while they grow.
问如何解释下面句子中的单形subject和plan 以及复形books:
(3)In one morning, the students change their subject three times.
(4)They have changed their plan three times.
(5)In one morning, the students change their books three times.
让我们对上述问题逐一解答如下:
例(1)中的单数名词form表个别概念,强调为蚂蚁所皆有。
例(2)中的复数名词forms表由一个个蚂蚁构成的集体,强调集体概念。
例(3)中的单数名词subject与例(4)中的单数名词plan皆表个别的概念。
例(5)中的复数名词books亦表集体概念,与例(2)的forms相仿。
上述情况皆属于“复数名(代)词与单数名词的一致”的问题。这个问题比较复杂,由于篇幅有限,这里恕不能细谈。读者如有兴趣,可参阅拙著《英语名词的数》(开明出版社出版)7.3。
